Fluid interconnect

ABSTRACT

A fluid interconnect for a fluid handling device is disclosed. The fluid interconnect comprises a connector having a first axis. A sealing member is disposed on the connector. At least one camming member is also disposed on the connector. The at least one camming member is disposed inboard of the sealing member.

BACKGROUND

Stacked, disk-type lenticular filters have been used in processing offluids for commercial applications. In a typical filtration systememploying such filters, the filters are assembled for operation inside asanitary housing that is sealable from an ambient environment. Eachdisk-type filter comprises an outer ring and an inner core. The outerring and inner core are connected by a web of filtration media of sometype, and the filtration media is sealed to the outer ring and the innercore. The disk-type filter is typically designed to accommodate fluidflow from outside to in. In other words, fluid to be filtered typicallyflows into the sanitary housing, through the filtration media, and intothe inner core. Typically, several such disk-type filters are stackedupon one another, forming a stacked inner core extending along the axisof each disk. The housing is typically a generally cylindrical pressurevessel that has structure for fluid ingress and egress.

In typical systems, it is important that each filter remain properlysealed to each adjacent filter during operation, so as to prevent bypassof fluid past the filtration media. To that end, the stack of filters istypically held together, or compressed, at least partly through the useof a center rod. The center rod is typically a continuous rod extendingthrough the stacked inner core. The center rod can comprise or beaccompanied by one or more means for providing compression to the stackof filters, including an “active follower.” An active follower mayemploy a resilient spring to help “take up” any slack or looseness thatmay develop in the stack after the filtration media becomes wetted andmore readily crushes. Proper compression of the stack can be a matter of“feel” and is often dependent upon the skill and training of theoperator.

Under normal operation, pressurized fluid to be filtered enters thesanitary housing through the fluid ingress and fills the areasurrounding the disk-type lenticular filters. The fluid is then filteredthrough the filter elements, after which the filtered fluid enters thestacked inner core. The stacked inner core is fluidly connected to afluid egress, which can route the filtered fluid (filtrate) todownstream plumbing.

Such systems are often bulky and time consuming to assemble.Furthermore, such systems typically comprise several heavy and expensivemetallic parts that must be cleaned and sanitized between uses. Thesanitary housing must be carefully cleaned with each use. The sanitizingsteps can add significant delay to processes. Often, significantquantities of sanitizing agent must be used to sanitize such parts.Consumption and disposal of such sanitizing agents can createundesirable environmental impact. Furthermore, such systems oftenrequire a skilled and trained operator for proper compression.

There is a continuing need for filtration systems that are lighter andare easier to assemble. There is also a need for filtration systemsemploying materials that, when disposed of, are less expensive and moreenvironmentally friendly. There is also a need for filtration systemsthat require less cleaning and down-time between uses. There is also aneed for filtration systems that are less reliant upon operator skill inachieving satisfactory results.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present disclosure relates generally to filtration systemscomprising disposable filter capsules. The present disclosure furtherrelates to a fluid interconnect that may be employed in connectingfilter capsules to one another. Such systems can eliminate the need fora separate sanitary housing. Such systems can reduce or eliminate theneed for sanitization between uses. Such filtration systems can have ashorter overall stack height than known filtration systems. The shorterstack height can also provide a reduction in fluid hold-up volume frompreviously known systems. The fluid interconnect of the presentdisclosure can reduce the number of parts and amount of labor requiredto fabricate a fluid interconnect. The fluid interconnect of the presentdisclosure can ensuring proper sealing of an inner core portion whenemploying filter capsules housing large diameter disk-type filters. Thepresently described fluid interconnect can also allow for easierconnection between large diameter filter capsules by putting connectoron the smaller inner portion, thus providing mechanical advantage andreducing the mechanical work required to connect the filter capsules toone another. Location of the fluid interconnect on a smaller diameterportion of a large diameter filter capsule can also work to decreaseflexure of filter capsules during installation and operation. Inembodiments where non-lubricated seals are employed between filtercapsules, the fluid interconnect of the present disclosure can makeconnection of filter capsules easier by applying insertion force localto and evenly across the seal. The fluid interconnect according to thepresent disclosure can also significantly reduce the cost of toolingassociated with forming interconnect geometry on a smaller diameter of alarge-diameter filter capsule.

The present application discloses a fluid interconnect for a fluidhandling device. The fluid interconnect comprises a connector having afirst axis. A sealing member may be disposed on the connector. At leastone camming member may also be disposed on the connector. In someembodiments, the at least one camming member is disposed inboard of thesealing member.

In one embodiment, the connector further comprises an inner connectorwall and an outer connector wall. In such embodiments, the outerconnector wall is disposed outboard of the inner connector wall andfaces radially outward. In such embodiments, the sealing member may belocated on the outer connector wall and the at least one camming membermay be located on the inner connector wall.

In one embodiment, the sealing member and the at least one cammingmember are at least partially intersected by a common plane that isoriented normal to the first axis.

In one embodiment, the at least one sealing member may be disposed on asealing ring member and the at least one camming member may be disposedon a camming ring member. In such embodiments, the sealing ring membermay be secured to the camming ring member to form the fluidinterconnect.

In one embodiment, the fluid connector comprises at least three cammingmembers spaced about the inner connector wall. In some embodimentsembodiment, the sealing member comprises a non-lubricated o-ring.

In one embodiment, the fluid handling device comprises a filter capsuleconfigured to contain at least one filter element. In anotherembodiment, the fluid handling device comprises a filter cartridge.

In one embodiment, the sealing member seals against a vertical sealingsurface.

The present application also discloses a filter capsule. The filtercapsule may comprise a shell having a first end wall, a first axis, andan outer capsule wall spaced a first distance from the first axis. Thefirst end wall may comprise a fluid interconnect. The fluid interconnectmay comprise a connector ring spaced a second distance from the firstaxis, a sealing member disposed on the connector ring, and at least onecamming member disposed on the connector ring. In some embodiments, thefirst distance may be at least four times larger than the seconddistance.

In one embodiment of the filter capsule, the sealing member and the atleast one camming member are at least partially intersected by a commonplane that is oriented normal to the first axis.

In some embodiments of the filter capsule, the at least one sealingmember may be disposed on a sealing ring member and the at least onecamming member may be disposed on a camming ring member. In suchembodiments, the sealing ring member may be secured to the camming ringmember to form the connector ring.

In some embodiments, the filter capsule comprises at least three cammingmembers spaced about the connector ring. In one embodiment of the filtercapsule, the sealing member comprises a non-lubricated o-ring.

In some embodiments of the filter capsule, the at least one cammingmember is disposed inboard of the sealing member.

In some embodiments of the filter capsule, the connector ring comprisesan inner ring wall and an outer ring wall. In such embodiments, theouter ring wall is disposed outboard of the inner ring wall and facesradially outward. In some embodiments, the sealing member is located onthe outer ring wall and the at least one camming member is located onthe inner ring wall.

In some embodiments, the shell comprises a second end wall opposite thefirst end wall. In one embodiment, the second end wall comprises amating interconnect that is connectable with the fluid interconnect.

The present application also discloses a filtration system. In someembodiments, the filtration system comprises at least a first filtercapsule and a second filter capsule. Typically, at least one filterelement is disposed within each filter capsule. Typically, the fluidinterconnect connects the first filter capsule to the second filtercapsule.

In some embodiments, each filter capsule comprises a first end wall anda second end wall opposite the first end wall. In such embodiments, thefirst end wall may comprise the fluid interconnect and the second endwall may comprise a mating interconnect. In such embodiments, each fluidinterconnect connects to each adjacent mating interconnect.

In some embodiments, the first filter capsule may include a differenttype of filter element than the second filter capsule.

In some embodiments, the filtration system comprises a press that holdsthe filter capsules together during operation of the filtration system.In some such embodiments, each filter capsule comprises a first endwall, a second end wall, and an outer capsule wall, wherein the fluidinterconnect connects the first end wall of the first filter capsule tothe second end wall of the second filter capsule. In such embodiments,the press bears in the axial direction against the outer capsule wall ofeach filter capsule to hold the filter capsules together.

In some embodiments, the filtration system comprises a manifold member,wherein the fluid interconnect connects the manifold member to a filtercapsule.

These and other aspects of the invention will be apparent from thedetailed description below. In no event, however, should the abovesummaries be construed as limitations on the claimed subject matter,which subject matter is defined solely by the attached claims, as may beamended during prosecution.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Throughout the specification, reference is made to the appendeddrawings, where like reference numerals designate like elements, andwherein:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a filtration system depicting threefilter capsules connected to one another;

FIG. 1A is a side view of a filtration system comprising three filtercapsules connected to one another and held in compression by a press;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a filter capsule;

FIG. 2A is a detailed top view of a fluid interconnect located on afilter capsule;

FIG. 3 is a cross-section view taken at 3-3 of FIG. 2 showing a filtercapsule containing a plurality of filter elements therein;

FIG. 3A is a detailed cross-section view taken at 3-3 of FIG. 2 showinga mating interconnect;

FIG. 3B is a detailed cross-section view taken at 3-3 of FIG. 2 showinga fluid interconnect;

FIG. 4 is a cross-section view taken at 3-3 of FIG. 2 showing an emptyfilter capsule;

FIG. 4A is a detailed cross-section view taken at 3-3 of FIG. 2 showinga fluid interconnect comprising a sealing ring member secured to acamming ring member;

FIG. 4B is a detailed cross-section view taken at 3-3 of FIG. 2 showinga fluid interconnect wherein an o-ring groove is integrally provided;

FIG. 5 is a cross-section view taken at 3-3 of FIG. 2 showing two filtercapsule halves connected to one another by a fluid interconnect;

FIG. 5A is a detailed cross-section view taken at 3-3 of FIG. 2 showingtwo filter capsule halves connected to one another by a fluidinterconnect;

FIG. 6 is a detailed perspective view of a fluid interconnect;

FIG. 7 is a detailed perspective view of a mating interconnect;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a filter cartridge comprising a fluidinterconnect.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a stacked assembly of two filtercartridges each comprising a fluid interconnect;

FIG. 10 is a cross section view taken at 3-3 of FIG. 2 showing a filtercapsule containing a plurality of filter elements therein and having amanifold member connected on either end.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 depicts one embodiment of a filtration system 200 according tothe present disclosure. Filtration systems 200 according to the presentdisclosure may be used in conjunction with filtration systems and filterelements disclosed in related U.S. Pat. App. No. 61/111,185, filed Nov.4, 2008, to Marks et al., entitled “Filter Element and Seal Therefor,”attorney docket number 64097US002. The filtration system 200 depicted inFIG. 1 comprises three filter capsules 300 connected to one another by afluid interconnect 100. It is envisioned that more or less than threefilter capsules 300 may be connected to one another to form thefiltration system 200. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the filtercapsules 300 comprise a handle 304. The handle 304 can assist inassembly and disassembly of the filter capsules 300 from the filtrationsystem 200. Each filter capsule 300 can comprise one or more filterelements 220 disposed therein. In some embodiments, each filter capsule300 comprises a different type of filter element 220. For example, eachfilter capsule 300 may comprise a filter element 220 for one of, forexample, depth filtration, scale reduction, antimicrobial treatment,antiviral treatment, flavor enhancement, or others. Such filter elements220 may be used alone or in combination with other filter elements 220.In this way, the filtration system 200 may be customized to provideapplication-specific filtration.

In some applications, it may be desirable to provide a filtration system200 having either (i) both a feed fluid ingress 210 and a filtrateegress 214 located on a single end of the filtration system 200, or (ii)a feed fluid ingress 210 on one end and a filtrate egress 214 on theopposing end. Locating a feed fluid ingress 210 and a filtrate egress214 located on a single end allows associated plumbing to be located ina single area, rather than being separated by the length of thefiltration system 200. The result can be a more compact assembly. Insome embodiments, the filtration system 200 may comprise one or moremanifold members 380, as depicted in FIG. 10. As shown in FIG. 10, “D”depicts a flow of dirty, or unfiltered, fluid into the feed fluidingress 210, and “C” depicts a flow of clean, or filtered, fluid fromthe filtrate egress 214. The purpose of the manifold member 380, whenemployed, is to direct fluid flow at a terminal end of the filtrationsystem 200. The manifold member 380 can operate as a dead-end forfiltrate, allowing the filtrate to reverse direction and travel backtoward the filtrate egress 214 to exit the filtration system 200. Themanifold member 380 may also provide both fluid ingress 210 and filtrateegress 214 on a single end of the filtration system 200. The manifoldmember 380 may, more simply, provide only feed fluid ingress 210 or onlyfiltrate egress 214. Combinations of these embodiments are alsoenvisioned. The manifold member 380 may be constructed of, for example,polycarbonate or polypropylene.

In some embodiments, the filtration system 200 may be positioned in apress 240 during operation, as shown in FIG. 1A. A press 240 may berequired, for example, to hold first and second end walls 320 and 340 ofthe outer-most located filter capsules 300 in a stack. Because suchouter-most located end walls 320 and 340 are not supported against anadjacent filter capsule 300, contact with a press 240 can help toprevent wall flexure under internal fluid pressure. In such a press 240,two or more filter capsules 300 may be disposed between a first endplate 242 and a second end plate 244. The press 240 can apply force,along the direction of a first axis 101 of each filter capsule 300, tothe first and second end plates 242, 244. Typically, the first andsecond end plates 242, 244 bear against an outer capsule wall 330 of thefilter capsules 300. Typically, the outer capsule wall 330 of eachfilter capsule 300 contacts the outer capsule wall 330 of each adjacentfilter capsule 300 at a bearing point 308, thus providing a known, rigiddatum upon which to apply force. In some embodiments, the press 240 mayfurther provide apparatus for feed fluid ingress 210 and filtrate egress214. In some embodiments, parts of the press 240 may be constructed of,for example, stainless steel.

FIGS. 2 and 2A depict a fluid interconnect 100 according to the presentdisclosure. In the embodiment depicted in FIG. 2, the fluid interconnect100 is located on a first end wall 320 of a filter capsule 300.Typically, the fluid interconnect 100 comprises a first axis 101. Thefirst axis 101 is located along a longitudinal axis of the fluidinterconnect 100. In some embodiments, the fluid interconnect 100 isgenerally cylindrical in shape, and the first axis 101 corresponds withthe axis of the cylindrical shape. In one embodiment, the fluidinterconnect 100 is constructed of polycarbonate. The fluid interconnect100 could also be constructed of, for example, polypropylene.

The fluid interconnect 100 typically engages a mating interconnect 350through a method comprising the steps of (i) providing a fluidinterconnect 100, (ii) providing a mating interconnect 350 opposite thefluid interconnect 100, wherein the first axis 101 is generally alignedwith the axis of the mating interconnect 350, (iii) moving the fluidinterconnect 100 and the mating interconnect 350 toward one another toengage the at least one camming member 140 with mating camming featureson the mating interconnect 350, (iv) rotating the fluid interconnect 100with respect to the mating interconnect 350, thereby advancing the atleast one camming member 140 along each mating camming feature anddrawing the fluid interconnect 100 into the mating interconnect 350. Oneembodiment of a mating interconnect 350 is shown in FIG. 3A.

The fluid interconnect 100 further comprises a sealing member 130 asdepicted, for example, in FIGS. 4, 4A, and 4B. The sealing member 130may be disposed on the fluid interconnect 100. The sealing member 130may comprise, for example, an o-ring, a non-lubricated o-ring, a gasket,or an overmolded elastomeric seal. In some embodiments, the sealingmember 130 comprises a non-lubricated o-ring. Non-lubricated o-rings maybe employed to minimize the possibility of contaminants entering thefluid stream through lubricants used on the o-ring. Becausenon-lubricated o-rings create more friction during installation, greaterthan usual force may be required to connect a fluid interconnect 100using non-lubricated o-rings.

In some embodiments, the sealing member 130 is located on a verticalsealing surface 132 as shown, for example, in FIG. 6. When a verticalsealing surface 132 is used, the sealing member 130 slides along anopposing sealing surface 133 in a direction parallel to the first axis101 during connection of the fluid interconnect 100. Consequentially,any slight axial movement of the sealing member 130 with respect to theopposing sealing surface 133 during operation of the filtration system200 does not result in disruption of the seal. Therefore, forceful axialcompression of the fluid interconnect 100 is not necessary. In contrast,when a face-seal configuration is employed, i.e. wherein a seal iscreated by axial force on a sealing member against a surfaceperpendicular to the first axis 101, care must be taken to avoid anyaxial movement. In such a face-seal configuration, any such axialmovement would tend to disrupt or break the seal, allowing fluid bypass.In such face-seal configurations, forceful axial compression of thefluid interconnect 100 may be required. While it is envisioned that aface-seal could be employed within the scope of the present disclosure,a sealing member 130 located on a vertical sealing surface 132 ispreferred because it can result in a more forgiving connection.

The fluid interconnect 100 further comprises at least one camming member140. Typically, the at least one camming member 140 is located a shortradial distance from the sealing member 130. Locating the at least onecamming member 140 radially close to the sealing member 130 allows forthe work input to turning the fluid interconnect 100 to be mostefficiently converted to overcoming the added friction of thenon-lubricated o-ring. The at least one camming member 140 is typicallyconstructed form the same material as the fluid interconnect 100. Insome embodiments, the at least one camming member 140 is integrallymolded as a part of the fluid interconnect 100.

Such location can achieve the further advantage of providing a positiveengagement of the fluid interconnect 100 close to the fluid seal, thusensuring that the fluid seal is not broken due to material flexure.Concern of such material flexure is especially present where a fluidinterconnect 100 is employed on a filter capsule 300 housinglarge-diameter disk-type filter elements 220, as shown, for example, inFIG. 3. For example, a typical lenticular disk-type filter element 220may measure about 17.5 inches in diameter, while the center core fluidegress may only measure about 3 inches in diameter. Because the filterelements 220 are a large diameter, the filter capsule 300 must be of acorrespondingly large diameter. As previously discussed, an outercapsule wall 330 of the filter capsule 300 is typically used as abearing surface for a press 240 in such filtration systems 200.Typically, two filter capsules 300, when connected, mate at a bearingpoint 308, as shown, for example, in FIG. 5. Accordingly, when the largediameter outer capsule wall 330 is “pinned” in place at the bearingpoint 308 by the press 240, and when the filtration system 200 ispressurized in operation, the smaller diameter center core area of thefilter capsule 300 can flex or be displaced. Should this flexure ordisplacement be of sufficient magnitude, a seal between filter capsules300 can be broken. The fluid interconnect 100 according to the presentdisclosure substantially prevents such flexure and displacement byproviding a positive capsule-to capsule engagement at or near the centercore.

In some embodiments, the at least one camming member 140 is disposedinboard of the sealing member 130, as shown, for example, in FIGS. 4Aand 4B. By “inboard,” Applicants mean a location that is more radiallyinward, as measured from the first axis 101 of the fluid interconnect100. Inboard location includes embodiments wherein the at least onecamming member 140 and the sealing member 130 are axially spaced fromone another; i.e., wherein they are not intersected by a common plane104. Locating the at least one camming feature inboard of the sealingmember 130 generally means that the at least one camming member 140 willbe in contact with a working fluid during operation of the fluidhandling system. One advantage of such inboard positioning of the atleast one camming feature is that it enables the fluid interconnect 100to be fabricated more easily and with lower tooling cost, as discussedbelow. Especially in embodiments where a filter capsule 300 ofrelatively large diameter is used, the relatively smaller diameter ofthe fluid interconnect, coupled with locating the at least one cammingmember 140 inboard of the sealing member 130 can provide a tremendoustorque advantage in rotating the larger-diameter filter capsule 300 toconnect the fluid interconnect 100.

In embodiments where the at least one camming member 140 is disposedinboard of the sealing member 130, the fluid interconnect 100 results ina more structurally robust connection that is created at with decreasedtooling cost as compared to alternative designs. For example, protrudingplastic members in injection molded parts, such as the at least onecamming member 140, are typically produced such that they do not createan “undercut.” Forming an undercut in tooling creates a challengebecause the tool maker must install slides or lifters that complicatethe tool actions and increase the cost of the tool. There are alsolimitations as to the length of the protrusion due to suchconsiderations as linear travel of the sliding tool steel and loss ofcooling water local to the sliding tool steel.

Another less desirable solution is to mold a small separate plasticcomponent with the at least one camming member 140 formed thereon andjoin it together inboard with a larger base part comprising a sealingmember 130. Doing so increases tooling cost and labor to assemble theparts and also adds a failure modality, as explained below. The forcesrequired to pull filter capsules 300 together create a reactive force onthe at least one camming member 140. In other words, the bulk of theforce holding filter capsules 300 together is carried by the at leastone camming member. If the at least one camming member 140 were formedon a separately joined part, the reactive force on the at least onecamming member 140 would tend to “pull” the separately joined part apartfrom the base part. Such reliance on a relatively weak joint risksfailure of the fluid interconnect 100.

A better and lower-cost approach, as employed by Applicants, was todesign plastic parts incorporating through-hole “shut offs” to createthe inboard at least one camming member 140. Formation of a through-holeshut-off creates a window or aperture in the plastic wall below theformed undercut or protrusion in the at least one camming member 140.This would be problematic were the at least one camming member 140 notformed inboard of the sealing member because the aperture would create afluid bypass.

Thus, Applicants' advantageous placement of the at least one cammingmember 140 “inboard” of the sealing member 130 (i) decreases toolingexpense and complication by allowing the cam feature to be molded in thedirection of the tool steel pull, (ii) eliminates structural compromiseby removing the need for the at least one camming member to be a smallpart that is separately joined inboard, and (iii) prevents fluid bypassthrough apertures created by through-hole shut offs.

In one embodiment, the fluid interconnect 100 further comprises an innerconnector wall 112 and an outer connector wall 114, as shown in FIGS. 4Aand 4B. In such embodiments, the outer connector wall 114 is disposedoutboard of the inner connector wall 112 and faces radially outward. By“outboard,” Applicants mean a location that is more radially outward, asmeasured from the first axis 101 of the fluid interconnect 100. In someembodiments, the fluid interconnect 100 comprises a cylinder, whereinthe inner connector wall 112 comprises the inner diameter of thecylinder and the outer connector wall 114 comprises the outer diameterof the cylinder. In such embodiments, the sealing member 130 may belocated on the outer connector wall 114 and the at least one cammingmember 140 may be located on the inner connector wall 112. In otherwords, the at least one camming member 140 may be disposed inboard ofthe sealing member 130. Typically, the outer connector wall 114comprises an o-ring groove into which an o-ring may be installed. Insome embodiments, the o-ring may be non-lubricated.

In some embodiments, the sealing member 130 and the at least one cammingmember 140 are at least partially intersected by a common plane 104 thatis oriented normal to the first axis 101, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B.In many known fluid interconnects, an o-ring is located above or below acamming feature. See, for example, FIG. 13 of U.S. Pat. No. 6,458,269,wherein two sealing o-rings are disposed on a neck portion of a filterapparatus above the position of a lug feature. Such feature placementcan function satisfactorily, but construction of such filters consumesmore plastic than would otherwise be necessary and creates a filterapparatus and overall assembly that is taller than would otherwise benecessary. By locating both the sealing member 130 and the at least onecamming member 140 to intersect a common plane 104, it is possible tosubstantially reduce the height of the fluid interconnect 100. Theheight of a filter capsule 300 comprising the fluid interconnect 100 islikewise reduced. Similarly, the stack height “H” (shown, for example,in FIG. 1A) of a filtration system 200 comprising two or more connectedfilter capsules 300 is reduced. Partly as a result of the heightreduction, the fluid interconnect 100 can be fabricated with lessplastic than other connectors.

Reduced height of the fluid interconnect 100 can result in the furtheradvantage of allowing for lower hold-up volume in the filtration system200. By “hold-up volume,” Applicants mean the volume of unused fluidthat may remain in the filtration system 200 after processing orfiltration. The greater the hold-up volume, the lower the throughput ofthe filtration system 200 because the unused fluid trapped in thefiltration system 200 is not used for downstream processes. Some fluidsused, for example, in the healthcare, bioprocessing, and pharmaceuticalindustries may be very costly on a per-liter basis. Even a slightreduction in hold-up volume can result in significant cost-savings forthe user of the filtration system 200. By reducing the height of thefluid interconnect 100, the volume of fluid contained within the fluidinterconnect 100 itself can be reduced proportional to the reduction inheight.

In one embodiment, the sealing member 130 may be disposed on a sealingring member 134 and the at least one camming member 140 may be disposedon the connector ring 111, as shown, for example, in FIG. 4A. Such anembodiments is in contrast, for example, to an embodiment as shown inFIG. 4B, wherein an o-ring groove is integrally formed into the fluidinterconnect 100. A sealing ring member 134 provided separately, as inFIG. 4A, can ease the fabrication of the fluid interconnect 100 by, forexample, eliminating the need for expensive slides or undercuts in moldtooling to form the o-ring groove present in some embodiments. While itis possible to machine such an o-ring groove, such an operation isexpensive. Applicants solved this problem by fabricating a sealing ringmember 134 separately with, in one embodiment, an o-ring groove alreadyformed therein. In such embodiments, the sealing ring member 134 may besecured to the connector ring 111 to form the fluid interconnect 100. Insuch embodiments, the connector ring 111 can comprise the remaininggeometry of the fluid interconnect 100. Typically, the sealing ringmember 134 is secured by spin-welding it to the connector ring 111,though it is also possible to secure the sealing ring member 134 to theconnector ring 111 by heat welding, ultrasonic welding, threading,adhesives, and other known joining methods. In one embodiment, thesealing ring member 134 is constructed from polycarbonate. The sealingring member 134 may also be formed from, for example, polypropylene.

In one embodiment, the fluid interconnect 100 comprises at least threecamming members 140 spaced about the inner connector wall 112. Forexample, four camming members 140 are shown in FIGS. 2A and 6. Inembodiments where the sealing member 130 is a non-lubricated o-ring, theforce required to connect the fluid interconnect 100 to the matinginterconnect 350 may be higher than it would be if lubrication wereused. In such embodiments, it can be beneficial to more evenlydistribute the force applied to overcoming the friction of thenon-lubricated o-ring. More even distribution of the friction force canhelp to prevent cross-threading or material flexure that could otherwiseresult from using only one or two camming members 140. Such evendistribution may be accomplished by increasing the number of cammingmembers 140 to more than two spaced about the fluid interconnect 100.The more camming members 140 present, within practical limits and sizeconstraints, the more even the distribution of frictional force aboutthe fluid interconnect 100. For example, the number of camming members140 may be in a range from 3 to 6. In one embodiment, four cammingmembers 140 are provided spaced about the fluid interconnect 100. It isalso possible to provide only one or two camming members 140, forexample, as a helical thread. In one embodiment, the camming members 140are evenly spaced about the fluid interconnect 100.

In another embodiment, the fluid handling device comprises a filtercartridge 400, as depicted in FIG. 8. A filter cartridge 400 may beused, for example, as part of a water filtration system 200 in aresidential refrigerator or in an under-the-counter filtration system200. The filter cartridge 400 could also be used, for example, as partof a fluid filtration system 200 in food service applications. As shown,the filter cartridge 400 can comprise the fluid interconnect 100. Thefilter cartridge 400 typically comprises a cap portion, a housingportion, and a filtration media contained within the housing portion.The cap portion typically comprises structure for fluid ingress andfluid egress. In such filter cartridges, the fluid interconnect 100would typically be located on the cap portion. Such fluid interconnect100 may incorporate features discussed herein with regard to the fluidinterconnect 100 as employed in filter capsules 300 or filtrationsystems 200. Incorporation of the fluid interconnect 100 in a filtercartridge 400 may provide at least the benefits of (i) an shorteroverall assembly, that (ii) consumes less material in fabrication, and(iii) results in lower hold-up volume.

As shown in FIG. 9, it is also envisioned that two or more filtercartridges 400 may be stacked in a modular assembly. In suchembodiments, a single filter cartridge 400 may be provide with both afluid interconnect 100 and a mating interconnect 350 on the opposingend. A plurality of such double-ended filter cartridges 400 may bestacked. In such embodiments, one filter cartridge 400 may be providedas the terminating piece, therefore comprising only the fluidinterconnect with no opposing mating interconnect. At least one sectionof the stack could comprise a different type of filtration element, forexample, depth filtration, scale reduction, antimicrobial treatment,antiviral treatment, flavor enhancement, or others. In such embodiments,it is envisioned that a user could custom-create a filter by stackingapplication-specific filter cartridges 400.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the filter capsule 300 may comprise a shell310 having a first end wall 320, a first axis 101, and an outer capsulewall 330 spaced a first distance 332 from the first axis 101. The firstend wall 320 may comprise a fluid interconnect 100. In some embodiments,the shell 310 comprises a second end wall 340 opposite the first endwall 320. In one embodiment, the second end wall 340 comprises a matinginterconnect 350 that is connectable with the fluid interconnect 100.The shell 310 may be provided as two halves that are secured together.The two halves may be removably secured, such as by threading, orpermanently secured. Where shell 310 is provided as two parts, it mayhave, for example, with a plastic construction, wherein two halves arehot-plate welded or spin-welded together to form the filter capsule 300.In one embodiment, parts of the shell 310 are constructed ofpolycarbonate. It is also envisioned that the shell 310 may be formed asa single part surrounding filtration elements 220, for example, bythermoforming.

In some embodiments, the filter capsule 300 is generally cylindrical.The fluid interconnect 100 may comprise a connector ring 111 spaced asecond distance 334 from the first axis 101, a sealing member 130disposed on the connector ring 111, and at least one camming member 140disposed on the connector ring 111. In some embodiments, the firstdistance 332 may be at least four times larger than the second distance334. In embodiments where the filter capsule 300 is cylindrical, thefirst distance 332 corresponds to a first radius and the second distance334 corresponds to a second radius. In one embodiment, the outer capsulewall 330 comprises a cylinder having a diameter in a range from 12inches to 20 inches, and the connector ring 111 comprises a cylinderhaving a diameter in a range from 1 inch to 6 inches. In a preferredembodiment, the outer capsule wall 330 comprises a cylinder having adiameter in a range from 15 inches to 18 inches, and the connector ring111 comprises a cylinder having a diameter in a range from 2 inches to 4inches. Other ratios of outer capsule wall 330 diameter to connectorring 111 diameter that may be desirable for a given application areenvisioned and should be considered within the scope of the presentdisclosure.

In embodiments where the filter capsule 300 contains a plurality ofdisk-type filter elements 220, the capsule may be further provided witha male filtrate port 230 and a female filtrate port 234, as depicted inFIGS. 3, 3A, and 3B. Typically, the male filtrate port 230 is positionedinside the fluid interconnect 100 and provides, when sealed against thefemale filtrate port 234, fluid isolation of the filtrate for fluidcommunication between filter capsules 300. In such embodiments, thefemale filtrate port 234 may be provided (i) within, or (ii) as part ofthe mating interconnect 350. In one embodiment, the male filtrate port230 is located in the mating interconnect 350, and the female filtrateport 234 is located in the fluid interconnect 100.

Various modifications and alterations of the invention will be apparentto those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scopeof the invention. It should be understood that the invention is notlimited to illustrative embodiments set forth herein.

1. A fluid interconnect for a fluid handling device comprising aconnector having a first axis; a sealing member disposed on theconnector; and at least one camming member disposed on the connector;wherein the at least one camming member is disposed inboard of thesealing member.
 2. The fluid interconnect of claim 1 wherein theconnector further comprises an inner connector wall; and an outerconnector wall disposed outboard of the inner connector wall and facingradially outward; wherein the sealing member is located on the outerconnector wall and the at least one camming member is located on theinner connector wall.
 3. The fluid interconnect of claim 1 wherein thesealing member and the at least one camming member are at leastpartially intersected by a common plane that is oriented normal to thefirst axis.
 4. The fluid interconnect of claim 1 wherein the at leastone sealing member is disposed on a sealing ring member, wherein the atleast one camming member is disposed on a camming ring member, andwherein the sealing ring member is secured to the camming ring member toform the fluid interconnect.
 5. The fluid interconnect of claim 2comprising four camming members spaced about the inner connector wall.6. The fluid interconnect of claim 1 wherein the sealing membercomprises a non-lubricated o-ring.
 7. The fluid interconnect of claim 1wherein the fluid handling device comprises a filter capsule configuredto contain at least one filter element.
 8. The fluid interconnect ofclaim 1 wherein the fluid handling device comprises a filter cartridge.9. The fluid interconnect of claim 1 wherein the sealing member islocated on a vertical sealing surface.
 10. A filter capsule comprising ashell having a first end wall, a first axis, and an outer capsule wallspaced a first distance from the first axis; wherein the first end wallcomprises a fluid interconnect comprising a connector ring spaced asecond distance from the first axis; a sealing member disposed on theconnector ring; and at least one camming member disposed on theconnector ring; wherein the first distance is at least four times largerthan the second distance.
 11. The filter capsule of claim 10 wherein thesealing member and the at least one camming member are at leastpartially intersected by a common plane that is oriented normal to thefirst axis.
 12. The filter capsule of claim 10 wherein the sealingmember is located on a vertical sealing surface.
 13. The filter capsuleof claim 11 wherein the at least one sealing member is disposed on asealing ring member, wherein the at least one camming member is disposedon a camming ring member, and wherein the sealing ring member is securedto the camming ring member to form the connector ring.
 14. The filtercapsule of claim 11 comprising at least three camming members spacedabout the connector ring.
 15. The filter capsule of claim 11 wherein thesealing member comprises a non-lubricated o-ring.
 16. The filter capsuleof claim 11 wherein the at least one camming member is disposed inboardof the sealing member.
 17. The filter capsule of claim 16 wherein theconnector ring further comprises an inner ring wall; and an outer ringwall disposed outboard of the inner ring wall and facing radiallyoutward; wherein the sealing member is located on the outer ring walland the at least one camming member is located on the inner ring wall.18. The filter capsule of claim 11 wherein the shell further comprises asecond end wall opposite the first end wall.
 19. The filter capsule ofclaim 18 wherein the second end wall comprises a mating interconnectthat is connectable with the fluid interconnect.
 20. A filtration systemcomprising a first filter capsule according to claim 7; a second filtercapsule according to claim 7; at least one filter element disposedwithin each filter capsule; wherein the fluid interconnect connects thefirst filter capsule to the second filter capsule.
 21. The filtrationsystem of claim 20 wherein each filter capsule comprises a first endwall and a second end wall opposite the first end wall, the first endwall comprising the fluid interconnect, the second end wall comprising amating interconnect, wherein each fluid interconnect connects to theadjacent mating interconnect.
 22. The filtration system of claim 20wherein the first filter capsule includes a different type of filterelement than the second filter capsule.
 23. The filtration system ofclaim 20 further comprising a press, wherein the press holds the filtercapsules together during operation of the filtration system.
 24. Thefiltration system of claim 23 wherein each filter capsule comprises afirst end wall, a second end wall, and an outer capsule wall; whereinthe fluid interconnect connects the first end wall of the first filtercapsule to the second end wall of the second filter capsule, wherein thepress bears in the axial direction against the outer capsule wall ofeach filter capsule to hold the filter capsules together.
 25. Thefiltration system of claim 20 further comprising a manifold member,wherein the fluid interconnect connects the manifold member to a filtercapsule.
 26. The filtration system of claim 20 wherein the sealingmember is located on a vertical sealing surface.
 27. A filtration systemcomprising a first filter capsule according to claim 10; a second filtercapsule according to claim 10; at least one filter element disposedwithin each filter capsule; wherein the fluid interconnect connects thefirst filter capsule to the second filter capsule.
 28. The filtrationsystem of claim 27 wherein each filter capsule comprises a first endwall and a second end wall opposite the first end wall, the first endwall comprising the fluid interconnect, the second end wall comprising amating interconnect, wherein each fluid interconnect connects to theadjacent mating interconnect.
 29. The filtration system of claim 27wherein the first filter capsule includes a different type of filterelement than the second filter capsule.
 30. The filtration system ofclaim 27 further comprising a press, wherein the press holds the filtercapsules together during operation of the filtration system.
 31. Thefiltration system of claim 30 wherein each filter capsule comprises afirst end wall, a second end wall, and an outer capsule wall; whereinthe fluid interconnect connects the first end wall of the first filtercapsule to the second end wall of the second filter capsule, wherein thepress bears in the axial direction against the outer capsule wall ofeach filter capsule to hold the filter capsules together.
 32. Thefiltration system of claim 27 further comprising a manifold member,wherein the fluid interconnect connects the manifold member to a filtercapsule.
 33. The filtration system of claim 27 wherein the sealingmember is located on a vertical sealing surface.